Do Bisons and Buffalos make good pets? No, they don’t! Even though it might be reasonable to raise them for meat, they make exceptional bad pets. If you wonder weigh it wouldn’t be a wise choice to keep one in your backyard, read on.
Is It Legal To Own A Buffalo as a Pet?
Many states have laws about buffalo ownership. buffalo are both raised for meat, which means most states have no laws or requirements about ownership. States that do have laws require permits or certification (of purity of the breed).
There are three states – Arizona, Utah, and South Carolina, that ban ownership entirely. However, the following states allow almost any type of ownership – even as pets – if you obtain a permit:
- Arkansas
- California
- Colorado
- Georgia
- Kentucky
- Montana
- Missouri
- Nevada
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- Oklahoma
- Oregon
- Tennessee
- Wyoming
If your state is not on either of these lists, there are no clear rules about ownership of a buffalo, including restrictions and prohibitions. It’s best to contact your local or state government if you have any questions or need clarification on livestock and farming. Remember, the same laws apply to miniature bison.
Caring for a Buffalo as a Pet
Taking care of a buffalo is vastly different from caring for a typical pet or even a farm animal. These creatures are large, strong, and have specific needs to stay healthy and safe.
1. Space and Shelter
Buffalo need a lot of space to roam. Ideally, you should have several acres of fenced land. The fencing must be extremely strong—buffalo can weigh over 2,000 pounds and easily break through weak barriers.
They also need shelter from the elements. While buffalo are hardy and tolerate cold weather well, they still benefit from access to a large open shed or barn for protection from wind, rain, or extreme heat.
2. Diet and Feeding
Buffalo primarily graze on grasses and hay. In winter or when pasture is not available, you’ll need to supplement their diet with quality hay. Fresh water must always be available, and mineral supplements may be required for optimal health.
Some owners also provide grains or buffalo-specific feed to support growth or milk production (for water buffalo).
3. Health and Veterinary Care
Routine vet care is essential:
- Vaccinations
- Deworming
- Hoof trimming
- Monitoring for parasites and illness
Finding a vet who is experienced with large livestock or exotic animals like buffalo is critical. They may also need special handling equipment for checkups.
4. Companionship
Buffalo are herd animals. It’s highly recommended to keep more than one—ideally two or more buffalo—or provide companionship with another large livestock species like cows.
5. Training and Handling
Some domesticated buffalo can be halter-trained and accustomed to human interaction, but this takes time, patience, and experience. Always approach with caution, especially bulls or buffalo with calves.
How Much Does a Buffalo Cost?
The price of a buffalo can vary widely based on its breed, age, health, and whether it’s wild, semi-domesticated, or tame.
Here’s a general breakdown (U.S. pricing):
| Type of Buffalo | Price Range (USD) |
|---|---|
| American Bison Calf | $1,000 – $2,500 |
| Adult American Bison | $2,500 – $7,000+ |
| Water Buffalo Calf | $1,000 – $3,000 |
| Adult Water Buffalo | $3,000 – $8,000+ |
| Breeding Pair | $5,000 – $15,000 |
Additional costs include:
- Fencing and shelter setup: $5,000–$20,000
- Feed and hay: $1,000–$2,500/year per buffalo
- Vet care and supplies: $300–$800/year per animal
- Transportation (special trailer often required)
Can You Legally Have a Buffalo as a Pet?
Legally and practically, owning a buffalo (also known as the American bison or water buffalo, depending on the region) as a pet varies by country and local laws. In some parts of the United States, it’s legal to own a buffalo, especially in rural or agricultural zones. However, due to their size and strength, owning one requires proper permits, fencing, land, and resources.
Difference Between Bisons And Buffalos
Bison and buffalo are different animals even though they belong to the same family – Bovidae. They live on separate continents. Bison are native to North America and parts of Europe, while buffalo are native to southern Asia and Africa.
One thing they have in common? Keeping a pet buffalo or pet bison isn’t a good idea.
Buffalo
Buffalos are smaller than bison, less furry, and do not have the hump that bison possess. There are two types of buffalos – water and cape. Buffalos are often easily domesticated and used for their milk and as work animals. However, most buffalos are wild and live in western Africa and along the plains of southern and eastern Africa.
Bison
Two types of bison exist – American and European. Both are known for their size, large heads, smaller horns, and large hump. The American bison is the national mammal of The United States of America. This includes the “white buffalo,” which is a bison with notable white fur.
Bison are often raised for meat and are a low-fat, lower cholesterol alternative to beef. So, can you tell the difference at a glance? There are several ways:
- Bison have a large hump on their backs – buffalo do not
- Bison are a lot bigger, even though both animals are giant
- Bison are shaggier
- Buffalo can have large, sharp horns while bison horns are small and duller
- Buffalo have straight backs while bison have large shoulders and a sloping back
The other tell-tale sign between the two animals is the size of their heads. Buffalo heads are proportionate to their size. Bison have giant heads. If you need one defining characteristic to determine what you’re looking at, “use your head”!
Do Buffalo Make Good Pets?
Buffalo are not traditional pets. They are large, wild animals with specific needs that differ greatly from dogs, cats, or even farm animals. While some owners form close bonds with domesticated buffalo, they are generally not ideal household pets. Their temperament can be unpredictable, and they require vast spaces and specialized care.
Can Buffalo Be Domesticated?
Buffalo have been domesticated in certain regions of the world—particularly water buffalo in Asia and parts of Europe. In these regions, they are used for farming, milk production, and transportation. However, American bison (often called buffalo) are not fully domesticated and still retain many wild instincts.
Is It Safe to Pet a Buffalo?
Buffalo can appear calm, but they are powerful and unpredictable animals. Petting a buffalo may be safe under supervised conditions and only with animals accustomed to human interaction. However, without proper handling knowledge, approaching or petting a buffalo can be dangerous.
Are Buffalo Friendly to Humans?
Buffalo are generally not aggressive unless provoked, but they are not naturally friendly like domesticated pets. Some ranchers report docile behavior in raised buffalo, but wild instincts can still trigger aggressive reactions unexpectedly. Consistent training and familiarity are key to gaining trust.
Are Buffalo Aggressive?
Yes, buffalo can be aggressive, especially during mating season or when they feel threatened. Both male and female buffalo are capable of charging and can cause severe injury. Proper safety measures and space are crucial when working around buffalo.
What Is the Lifespan of a Buffalo?
Buffalo have relatively long lifespans. In the wild, they typically live 15–20 years. Domesticated buffalo can live up to 25 years with proper care and diet.
What to Do If a Buffalo Is Chasing You?
If a buffalo is chasing you:
- Do not run in a straight line—zigzag instead.
- Seek cover behind trees, rocks, or vehicles.
- Avoid eye contact and try to remain calm.
Buffalo can outrun humans, so your best bet is to get to a safe location as quickly as possible.
What to Do If a Buffalo Attacks You?
If attacked:
- Lie flat to minimize injury and appear less threatening.
- Protect vital organs with your arms and stay motionless.
- Do not try to fight back—this may provoke further aggression.
After the attack, seek immediate medical attention.
Is There a Difference Between a Bison and a Buffalo?
Yes, although the terms are often used interchangeably in North America, bison and buffalo are different species. American bison are native to North America and have a large hump on their shoulders and thick fur. True buffalo, such as the African Cape buffalo and the Asian water buffalo, are found on other continents and have different physical features.
How Do You Know If a Buffalo Is Angry?
Signs of an angry or agitated buffalo include:
- Snorting or grunting
- Pawing the ground
- Head shaking or lowering its horns
- Staring intensely
- Sudden movements or mock charges
Recognizing these warning signs is crucial to avoiding dangerous situations.
Final Thoughts
While buffalo are fascinating and powerful creatures, they are not typical pets. They require large amounts of space, expert care, and a deep understanding of their behavior. If you’re drawn to buffalo, consider supporting conservation efforts or visiting sanctuaries where you can safely observe and learn about them.
